Construction Of A Ozone, Carbon Monoxide And Nitrogen Dioxide Sensor, Applied To Electric Mobility
The construction of this sensors comes in relation to the project "URBAN AIR: IMPROVEMENT OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT WITH SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY SOLUTIONS".
The main objective involves the construction and develop a network of intelligent sensor that would measure air quality in the cities of Covilhã (Portugal) and Valladolid (Spain), to be applied to electric mobility, in this case electric bicycles.
The sensors described below will be implemented on electric bicycles that will be moving around the city taking the respective readings on each of the sensors. The parameters of each sensor will be registered, and saved in two databases for later processing.
The sensors take measurements of:
Ozone(O3);
Carbon monoxide(CO);
Nitrogen Dioxide(NO2).
In figure 1, we can see the general diagram of what was developed for the measurement of air quality, we have the mobile NCAP, the TIM Sensor, TIM Graphical Interface.
Fig.1 - General Diagram between NCAP Mobile, Tim Sensor, TIM Graphical Interface.
Was developed an application for the Android operating system (TIM Graphical Interface or Urbanair App) that allows the exchange of information with the TIM Sensor, using Bluetooth. The TIM Graphical Interface allows the visualization of the values that come from the TIM sensor in real time and sends them to a database. It also allows collection and visualization using the GPS module present in the mobile phone, in which it takes the coordinates of the location where the sensor measurements were made, and in turn, sends it to the database.
In figure 2, we can see the TIM Graphical Interface.
Fig.2 - Tim Graphical Interface or Urban Air App.
For the construction of the air quality measurement system, a mobile NCAP was built that allows communication between TIM Sensor and TIM Graphical Interface.
The material used to build these sensors was:
1 x Microcontroller (mbed), 1 x sd card, 1 x memory card, 1 x sensor O3 (Spec Sensors DGS-O3 968-042) or CO (Spec Sensors DGS-O3 968-034) or NO2 (Spec Sensors DGS-O3 968-043), and 1x bluetooth module (SPPC-C Bluetooth serial Adapter HC-05/HC-06).
In figure 3, we have the database, an online page developed in HTML and CSS dedicated to the collection of all sensor data.
In the database, it is where all the information that is collected by the sensors is housed, over time. It is possible to download the CSV file with all the values that were collected from the sensors (such as the parameter of the sensor in question, temperature, humidity, day, hour, minute and second the measurement was made, latitude and finally longitude).
Fig.3 - Data Base.
For the development of the sensors it was necessary to make a schematic of the respective PCB, for that I used the Altium Design program. As show in figure 4.
Fig.4 - Tim Sensor schematic.
Finally, the respective PCB was made (figure.5).
Fig.5 - Tim Sensor PCB.
After that, 50 PCB´s (50 electric bicycles) were made, all components were soldered on all PCB´s and validated one by one.
Fig.6 - 50 PCB´s.
In figure 7 , he have the final sensor all soldier and ready to work.
Fig.7 - Final assembly of the Tim Sensor.
They take measurements every 10 seconds, after 20 measurements take an average and send it to Tim Graphical Interface.
Next he have a practical demonstration of operation by the city of Covilhã.
Fig.8 - Sensor parameters.
Fig.9 - Database of the test performed by the city of Covilhã for 10 measurements.
Fig.10 - Graphic of the test carried out in the city of Covilhã, which relates Humidity, Ozone and temperature.
Fig.11 - Map of the test carried out in the city of Covilhã, where the entire route taken during the measurements is represented.
It was necessary to create a box for the sensors to adapt to electric bikes.
Two boxes have been developed, one for the sensor, to be screwed onto the bicycle seat rod, and another box that will store the DC-DC converter that will power the sensor and will be screwed next to the bike battery.
In figures 12, 13 and 14 are the final renderings of the box for the sensor.
Fig.12 - Final render sensor box front view.
Fig.13 - Final render sensor box back view.
Fig.14 - Final render sensor box side view.
In figures 15 e 16 are the final renderings of the box for the DC-DC Converter.
Fig.15 - Final render DC-DC Converter front view.
Fig.16 - Final render DC-DC back view.
To adapt and protect the air quality monitoring sensors on electric bikes, it was necessary to develop two boxes:
One for the DC-DC converter;
And the other for the sensor.
As represented in the figures below:
Fig.17 - Sensor box top.
Fig.18 - Sensor box front.
Fig.19 - Sensor box side.
Fig.20 - Front of the DC-DC converter box.
Fig.21 - Side of the DC-DC converter box.
The Firt, second and the thrid figure represents the final box the Ozone sensor. The fourth and fifth figure represents the final box for the DC-DC converter.
All boxes were made in solidworks and printed using a 3D printer on ABS material.
Here I leave some final photos with the implementation of sensors on the electric bike.
Fig.22 - DC-DC converter bike mount.
Fig.23 - Sensor Box bike mount.
Fig.24 - Sensor Box and DC-DC converter mounted on the bike.
Construction Of A Ozone, Carbon Monoxide And Nitrogen Dioxide Sensor, Applied To Electric Mobility
The construction of this sensors comes in relation to the project "URBAN AIR: IMPROVEMENT OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT WITH SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY SOLUTIONS".
The main objective involves the construction and develop a network of intelligent sensor that would measure air quality in the cities of Covilhã (Portugal) and Valladolid (Spain), to be applied to electric mobility, in this case electric bicycles.
The sensors described below will be implemented on electric bicycles that will be moving around the city taking the respective readings on each of the sensors. The parameters of each sensor will be registered, and saved in two databases for later processing.
The sensors take measurements of:
In figure 1, we can see the general diagram of what was developed for the measurement of air quality, we have the mobile NCAP, the TIM Sensor, TIM Graphical Interface.
Fig.1 - General Diagram between NCAP Mobile, Tim Sensor, TIM Graphical Interface.
Was developed an application for the Android operating system (TIM Graphical Interface or Urbanair App) that allows the exchange of information with the TIM Sensor, using Bluetooth. The TIM Graphical Interface allows the visualization of the values that come from the TIM sensor in real time and sends them to a database. It also allows collection and visualization using the GPS module present in the mobile phone, in which it takes the coordinates of the location where the sensor measurements were made, and in turn, sends it to the database.
In figure 2, we can see the TIM Graphical Interface.
Fig.2 - Tim Graphical Interface or Urban Air App.
For the construction of the air quality measurement system, a mobile NCAP was built that allows communication between TIM Sensor and TIM Graphical Interface.
The material used to build these sensors was:
In figure 3, we have the database, an online page developed in HTML and CSS dedicated to the collection of all sensor data.
In the database, it is where all the information that is collected by the sensors is housed, over time. It is possible to download the CSV file with all the values that were collected from the sensors (such as the parameter of the sensor in question, temperature, humidity, day, hour, minute and second the measurement was made, latitude and finally longitude).
Fig.3 - Data Base.
For the development of the sensors it was necessary to make a schematic of the respective PCB, for that I used the Altium Design program. As show in figure 4.
Fig.4 - Tim Sensor schematic.
Finally, the respective PCB was made (figure.5).
Fig.5 - Tim Sensor PCB.
After that, 50 PCB´s (50 electric bicycles) were made, all components were soldered on all PCB´s and validated one by one.
Fig.6 - 50 PCB´s.
In figure 7 , he have the final sensor all soldier and ready to work.
Fig.7 - Final assembly of the Tim Sensor.
They take measurements every 10 seconds, after 20 measurements take an average and send it to Tim Graphical Interface.
Next he have a practical demonstration of operation by the city of Covilhã.
Fig.8 - Sensor parameters.
Fig.9 - Database of the test performed by the city of Covilhã for 10 measurements.
Fig.10 - Graphic of the test carried out in the city of Covilhã, which relates Humidity, Ozone and temperature.
Fig.11 - Map of the test carried out in the city of Covilhã, where the entire route taken during the measurements is represented.
It was necessary to create a box for the sensors to adapt to electric bikes.
Two boxes have been developed, one for the sensor, to be screwed onto the bicycle seat rod, and another box that will store the DC-DC converter that will power the sensor and will be screwed next to the bike battery.
In figures 12, 13 and 14 are the final renderings of the box for the sensor.
Fig.12 - Final render sensor box front view.
Fig.13 - Final render sensor box back view.
Fig.14 - Final render sensor box side view.
In figures 15 e 16 are the final renderings of the box for the DC-DC Converter.
Fig.15 - Final render DC-DC Converter front view.
Fig.16 - Final render DC-DC back view.
To adapt and protect the air quality monitoring sensors on electric bikes, it was necessary to develop two boxes:
As represented in the figures below:
Fig.17 - Sensor box top.
Fig.18 - Sensor box front.
Fig.19 - Sensor box side.
Fig.20 - Front of the DC-DC converter box.
Fig.21 - Side of the DC-DC converter box.
The Firt, second and the thrid figure represents the final box the Ozone sensor. The fourth and fifth figure represents the final box for the DC-DC converter.
All boxes were made in solidworks and printed using a 3D printer on ABS material.
Here I leave some final photos with the implementation of sensors on the electric bike.
Fig.22 - DC-DC converter bike mount.
Fig.23 - Sensor Box bike mount.
Fig.24 - Sensor Box and DC-DC converter mounted on the bike.
Fig.25 - Bike ready to go.
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